Chapter II: Economic rights

Articles in this section · 25

Article L122-8

French Intellectual Property CodeIn force

Updated 8 Nov 2023

Authors of original graphic and plastic works who are nationals of a Member State of the European Community or of a State party to the Agreement on the European Economic Area benefit from a resale right, which is an inalienable right to share in the proceeds of any sale of a work after the first transfer made by the author or by his successors in title, when an art market professional intervenes as seller, buyer or intermediary. By way of derogation, this right does not apply where the seller acquired the work directly from the author less than three years before this sale and the sale price does not exceed €10,000.

Original works within the meaning of this article are works created by the artist himself and copies executed in limited quantities by the artist himself or under his responsibility.

The resale right is payable by the seller. Responsibility for its payment lies with the professional involved in the sale and, if the transfer takes place between two professionals, with the seller.

The art market professionals referred to in the first paragraph must provide the author or an organisation for the collective management of the droit de suite with any information necessary for the liquidation of the sums due in respect of the droit de suite for a period of three years from the sale.

Authors who are not nationals of a Member State of the European Community or of a State party to the Agreement on the European Economic Area and their successors in title shall be admitted to the protection provided for in this Article if the legislation of the State of which they are nationals admits of droit de suite protection for authors of Member States and their successors in title.

A decree in the Council of State shall specify the conditions of application of this Article and in particular the amount and methods of calculation of the right to be collected, as well as the sale price above which sales are subject to this right. It also specifies the conditions under which authors who are not nationals of a Member State of the European Community or of a State party to the Agreement on the European Economic Area who have their habitual residence in France and have participated in the life of art in France for at least five years may apply for the protection provided for in this article.

Mariela Petrova

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Common Questions

Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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