Paragraph 2: Procedure applicable to the interoperability of technological measures

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Article R331-35

French Intellectual Property CodeIn force

Updated 7 Nov 2023

I.-In the absence of an agreement between the parties and the Autorité de Régulation de la Communication Audiovisuelle et Numérique recorded under the conditions laid down in Article R. 331-34, the rapporteur's report is notified to the parties, who have a period of fifteen days in which to acquaint themselves with and copy the file from the authority's departments and to send the authority their written observations.

Where circumstances warrant, the chairman of the authority may, by a decision not subject to appeal, grant an additional period, not exceeding one month, in which to consult the file and submit the parties' observations.

The parties are informed of the date on which the authority will rule on the referral at least ten days before the meeting. The respondent is heard at its request or at the request of the chairman of the authority. They must be allowed to speak last.

The authority may also hear the applicant or any person whose hearing it deems useful.

The persons heard may be assisted by counsel.

The rapporteur who investigated a case may present oral observations at the meeting during which it is examined.

Where it considers that the investigation is incomplete, the authority may decide to refer the case back for investigation in whole or in part. This decision may not be appealed.

II.-The authority may, if it deems it appropriate, ask its chairman to refer the matter to the Autorité de la concurrence for an opinion in accordance with the procedures set out in the last paragraph of Article L. 331-29 and decide to stay the proceedings on the application referred to it, pending this opinion.

Mariela Petrova

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Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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