Paragraph 2: Procedure before the liberty and custody judge

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Article R3211-34

French Public Health CodeIn force

Updated 4 Nov 2023

I.-When it comes from the patient concerned by the seclusion or restraint measure, the application may be lodged with the secretariat of the receiving establishment, which will date-stamp it. The request for legal action may also be made by a verbal statement taken by the director of the institution, who will draw up a report containing the information provided for in article R. 3211-10. This report is time-stamped and signed by the director and the patient. If the patient is unable to sign, this will be noted.

II.-The Director will provide the patient with the information referred to in II of article R. 3211-33-1.

III.-The Director will forward the request or report to the patient.He/she shall send the request or the report to the court registry, by any means enabling its receipt to be dated with certainty, within ten hours of the patient lodging his/her request with the secretariat of the host establishment or of the drawing up of the report recording the patient's verbal statement.

The Director shall also send to the liberties and detention judge, within the same timeframe, the information and documents mentioned in the second paragraph of I and III of Article R. 3211-33-1.

The judge shall attach to this information:

1° Any documents that the patient wishes to produce;

2° The relevant documents mentioned in article R. 3211-12 as well as the successive reasoned decisions relating to the isolation and restraint measures to which the patient has been subjected and any other element likely to enlighten the judge;

3° If the patient asks to be heard by the judge, a doctor's opinion relating to the possible existence of medical reasons preventing, in his interest, his being heard and the compatibility of the use of means of telecommunication with his mental state.

The director informs the patient that he may have access to the documents mentioned in 2° and 3°, in compliance with the provisions of Article L. 1111-7 as regards documents forming part of the medical file. The reflection period provided for in the second paragraph of Article L. 1111-7 is not applicable.

Mariela Petrova

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Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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