Section 3: Mutual funding of employee trade unions and professional employers' organisations

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Article L2135-13

French Labour CodeIn force

Updated 7 Nov 2023

I.-The joint fund allocates its credits :

1° Equally between employee trade union organisations, on the one hand, and professional employers' organisations, on the other hand, in respect of the mission mentioned in 1° of article L. 2135-11, at national level and at branch level. The methods for distributing the funds between employee trade union organisations and between professional employers' organisations are determined by regulation, in a uniform manner for employee trade union organisations and on the basis of audience for professional employers' organisations. To assess this audience, 50% each of the number of companies that are members of representative professional employers' organisations and that employ at least one employee and the number of employees employed by these same companies are taken into account;

2° On an identical flat-rate basis, set by decree, for each of the employees' trade union organisations and the employers' professional organisations that are representative at national and cross-industry level, and on an identical flat-rate basis of a lower amount, set by decree, for each of the employees' trade union organisations whose statutory purpose is national and cross-industry in nature and which received more than 3% of the votes cast in the elections provided for in 3° of article L. 2122-9 and for each of the representative professional employers' organisations at national and multi-professional level mentioned in article L. 2152-2, in respect of the mission mentioned in 2° of article L. 2135-11 ;

3° On the basis of a distribution, defined by decree, according to the audience of each of the employee trade union organisations whose statutory vocation is of a national and cross-industry nature and which received more than 3% of the votes cast during the elections provided for in 3° of Article L. 2122-9, in respect of the mission mentioned in 3° of Article L. 2135-11.

II.-For the allocation of credits from the fund to the organisations mentioned in article L. 2135-12 , the year following that in which:

1° Their representativeness is determined and their audience measured pursuant to the provisions of articles L. 2122-5 and L. 2122-9 in the case of employees' trade union organisations and articles L. 2152-1, L. 2152-2 and L. 2152-4 in the case of professional employers' organisations is taken into account;

2° The order merging the areas covered by collective bargaining agreements, issued in application of the provisions of article L. 2261-32, or the order extending the agreement merging the said areas, has been published and the representativeness and audience of the employees' trade union organisations and the professional employers' organisations concerned have been assessed in accordance with the provisions of 1° and 3° of this article.

Mariela Petrova

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Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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