Section 3: Mutual funding of employee trade unions and professional employers' organisations

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Article L2135-10

French Labour CodeIn force

Updated 7 Nov 2023

I. - The resources of the joint fund are made up of :

1° A contribution from the employers mentioned in article L. 2111-1 of the present code, based on the remuneration paid to the employees mentioned in the same article and included in the base for social security contributions defined in article L. 242-1 of the social security code and article L. 741-10 of the Rural and Maritime Fishing Code, the rate of which is set by an agreement concluded between representative employee and employer organisations at national and inter-professional level and approved by the Minister for Labour or, in the absence of such an agreement or approval, by decree. This rate may not be higher than 0.02% or lower than 0.014%;

2° Where applicable, voluntary contributions from national organisations whose scope of action extends beyond one or more professional branches and which are managed by a majority of employees' trade unions and employers' professional organisations. The list of organisations that may contribute to the fund is set by the agreement mentioned in 1° or, in the absence of an agreement or its approval, by decree;

3° A subsidy from the State;

4° Where applicable, any other resource provided for by legislative or regulatory provisions, by agreement concluded between the employees' trade union organisations and the employers' professional organisations that are representative at national and cross-industry level or by an extended branch agreement.

II - The contribution referred to in 1° of I of this article is collected and audited, in accordance with the rules and subject to the same guarantees and penalties applicable to the collection of general social security contributions based on remuneration, by the bodies referred to in articles L. 213-1 and L. 752-4 of the Social Security Code and article L. 723-1 of the Rural and Maritime Fishing Code, in accordance with the procedures specified by regulation.

Mariela Petrova

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Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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