Section 2: Right to training

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Article L2123-14-1

French General Code of Local AuthoritiesIn force

Updated 8 Nov 2023

I. - The municipalities that are members of a public establishment for inter-municipal cooperation with their own tax status may decide to entrust the latter, under the conditions provided for by article L. 5211-17, with the implementation of the provisions relating to the training of elected representatives provided for in the last three paragraphs of article L. 2123-12. They take a decision within six months of the installation of the municipal council following each general renewal. They may also deliberate on this subject on their own initiative at any time.

The transfer automatically entails the budget of the public establishment of inter-communal cooperation with its own tax status bearing the training costs referred to in article L. 2123-14.

Within nine months of the decision of the State representative pronouncing the transfer in application of this I, and within nine months of its installation after each general renewal of the municipal councils, the deliberative body of the public establishment for inter-municipal cooperation with its own tax authority deliberates on the exercise of the right to training of the elected representatives of the member municipalities. It determines the guidelines and appropriations for this purpose. The provisions of the last paragraph of article L. 2123-12 are applicable from the date of the transfer.

II. - Within six months of its renewal, where the provisions of I have not been applied, the deliberative body of the public establishment of inter-municipal cooperation with its own tax status deliberates on the advisability of proposing common tools aimed at developing training related to the exercise of the mandate of the elected representatives of the member municipalities provided for in article L. 2123-12.

This deliberation specifies, where applicable, the systems envisaged. In particular, it may include the drawing up of a training plan and the rules for monitoring, financing and evaluating it. It may also authorise participation in the financing of training organised either on the initiative of the elected representatives of the member municipalities under their individual right to training referred to in article L. 2123-12-1, or on the initiative of the member municipalities, under the conditions set out in article L. 2123-12, when such training is linked to the exercise of the mandate.

III. - The provisions of this article apply without prejudice to articles L. 5211-4-2, L. 5214-16-1, L. 5215-27, L. 5216-7-1 and L. 5217-7.

Mariela Petrova

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Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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