Section 2: Right to training

Articles in this section · 7

Article L2123-12

French General Code of Local AuthoritiesIn force

Updated 8 Nov 2023

Members of a town council are entitled to training appropriate to their duties. Training is compulsorily organised during the first year of office for elected representatives who have received a delegation.

Elected representatives who receive a delegation in the area of waste prevention and management or the circular economy or in the area of town planning, construction or housing are encouraged to attend training in this area.

Within three months of its renewal, the town council deliberates on the exercise of its members' right to training.

The municipal council may also decide to contribute to the financing of training courses from which its elected representatives may benefit on their own initiative as part of their individual right to the training referred to in article L. 2123-12-1. In particular, this resolution determines the scope of the training entitling the elected representatives to this contribution, which must correspond to the guidelines determined in application of the previous paragraph. The resolution may limit this contribution to a maximum amount per training course and to a maximum number of training courses per elected representative and per term of office. The proportion of the educational costs of the training financed by the fund for the individual right to training of local elected representatives provided for in article L. 1621-3 may not be less than a rate set by decree.

A table summarising the training initiatives for elected representatives financed by the municipality is appended to the administrative account. It gives rise to an annual debate on the training of members of the municipal council.

Mariela Petrova

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Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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