Section 2: Agency agreement

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Article L132-20

French Intellectual Property CodeIn force

Updated 8 Nov 2023

Unless otherwise stipulated:

1° The authorisation to telecast a work does not include the retransmission of that telecast, however the provider of the retransmission service obtains that work and whatever technology it uses, unless it is done simultaneously and in full by the organisation benefiting from that authorisation and without extending the geographical area contractually provided for ;

2° Authorisation to broadcast the work does not constitute authorisation to communicate the broadcast of that work in a place accessible to the public;

3° Authorisation to broadcast the work over the air does not include its transmission to a satellite allowing reception of that work via third-party organisations, unless the authors or their successors in title have contractually authorised those organisations to communicate the work to the public; in this case, the transmitting organisation is exempt from payment of any remuneration ;

4° The authorisation to broadcast a work over the air includes the distribution for non-commercial purposes of this broadcast over the internal networks of apartment blocks or groups of apartment blocks installed by their owners or co-owners, or by the agents of the latter, for the sole purpose of enabling each dwelling in these same apartment blocks or groups of apartment blocks to be connected to collective devices for receiving over-the-air broadcasts normally received in the area.

Mariela Petrova

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Common Questions

Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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