Chapter I: The creditor and the writ of execution

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Article L111-5

French Code of civil enforcement proceduresIn force

Updated 8 Nov 2023

Pursuant to the provisions applicable in the Moselle, Bas-Rhin and Haut-Rhin départements, the following also constitute enforceable titles:

1° Deeds drawn up by a notary in these three départements where they relate to a claim for the payment of a specific or determinable sum of money, or the provision of a specific or determinable quantity of other fungible goods or securities, and where the debtor consents in the deed to immediate enforcement;

2° Cost tax orders. An order to pay costs, affixed to the judgment in accordance with article 105 of the local code of civil procedure, may be enforced by virtue of the enforceable copy of this judgment. A specific enforceable copy of the tax order is not required;

3° Enforceable collocation statements;

4° Partition deeds drawn up pursuant to Title VI of the law of 1st June 1924 implementing French civil legislation in the departments of Bas-Rhin, Haut-Rhin and Moselle;

5° Constraints issued by agricultural accident insurance funds for the recovery of overdue contributions.

Mariela Petrova

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Common Questions

Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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