French Commercial codeIn force
Section 1: Definitions
Article L233-3
I.- For the purposes of sections 2 and 4 of this chapter, any natural person or legal entity is deemed to control another:
AI translation · Updated 7 Nov 2023Open Article
20+ full codes, 2,400+ articles translated and updated. Case law linked to every article. Read the actual text before you ask a lawyer about it — free, no login required.
20+
french codes
Fully translated
2,400+
articles in English
Updated regularly
480+
court rulings linked
Per article
Free
full access
No login required
Showing 711–720 of 65302 articles for “Art. L 441-3-1”
I.- For the purposes of sections 2 and 4 of this chapter, any natural person or legal entity is deemed to control another:
Bankruptcy is punishable by five years' imprisonment and a fine of €75,000.
The electoral list for elections to the commercial courts is drawn up by a commission chaired by the judge responsible for supervising the trade and companies register. In the event of the creation of…
The foreign national may only be detained for the time strictly required to examine his or her right of movement or residence and, where applicable, to pronounce and notify the applicable administrati…
The Paris Council has 163 members.
The mayor's own duties are to ensure that the inhabitants enjoy the benefits of good policing, in particular cleanliness, salubrity, safety and tranquillity in the streets, places and public buildings…
The Town Council may also decide to hold regular meetings on certain specified days; but, in this case, the matters to be discussed and decided are also, except in cases of urgency, communicated at le…
The provisions relating to the terms of office of members and chairmen of regional economic, social and environmental councils as set out in articles L. 4134-6 à L. 4134-7-2. For the application of Ar…
Within the framework of national policy on higher education, the President of the Executive Council presents the Assembly of Corsica with proposals relating to higher education and research, after rec…
I.-The Executive Council and the Assembly of Corsica are assisted by an Economic, Social, Environmental and Cultural Council of Corsica. The size of the council may not exceed that of the Assembly of…
Our translations are produced and reviewed for accuracy, but the only legally binding version of French law is the French original. For court, registry or contractual use we offer lawyer-reviewed or sworn certified translations on request.
Articles are synced with Légifrance and updated as soon as a reform is published in the Journal Officiel, so you always read the version in force — and can see when each article was last amended.
Each article is linked to the key court decisions (Cour de cassation, Conseil d'État, courts of appeal) that interpret it, so you can read the text and its case-law application side by side.
Yes — every article has an AI plain-English summary, and you can order a lawyer-reviewed explanation of how it applies to your specific situation, with next steps.
No. Reading and searching the codes is free with no login. Paid services — certified translation and the legal application report — are entirely optional.
Avocate au Barreau de Paris
Toque #C2396
15+ Years In French Corporate Practice
English · French · Russian
Ready When You Are
A 20–30 minute call, in English, to scope the engagement. No obligation, no preliminary fee. You will leave the call with a clear view of what the work will cover and what it will cost.
20+ full codes and 2,400+ articles in English, with the key court rulings linked to every article — free to read.
Read MoreA lawyer-reviewed report explaining how the relevant articles apply to your situation, with case-law analysis and next steps.
Read MoreScope your matter with a Paris-Bar avocate — incorporation, contracts, disputes — handled bilingually, end to end.
Read More