French Code of civil procedureIn force
Section VII: The defence.
Article 18
The parties may defend themselves, subject to cases in which representation is compulsory.
AI translation · Updated 8 Nov 2023Open Article
20+ full codes, 2,400+ articles translated and updated. Case law linked to every article. Read the actual text before you ask a lawyer about it — free, no login required.
20+
french codes
Fully translated
2,400+
articles in English
Updated regularly
480+
court rulings linked
Per article
Free
full access
No login required
Showing 771–780 of 16838 articles for “Art. Cass. 1re civ.”
The parties may defend themselves, subject to cases in which representation is compulsory.
Other judgments may be appealed independently of judgments on the merits only in cases specified by law.
The decision that the summons has lapsed may be rescinded, in the event of error, by the judge who issued it.
In the event of disagreement between the legal administrators, the guardianship judge is asked to authorise the deed.
The chairman of the Commission nationale d'aménagement cinématographique has the casting vote in the event of a tie.
The enforcement judge has the power to order the debtor to pay damages in the event of abusive resistance.
In the event of a dispute, payment will be deferred unless the judge authorises payment for the amount he or she determines.
In the event of the insolvency of one of the co-heirs, his or her share of the mortgage debt is divided among all the others, at the marc le franc.
The taker who is discharged by the fortuitous event is still liable to account for the hides of the animals.
In an emergency, the employer is not obliged to give reasons for refusal, and silence does not constitute agreement.
Our translations are produced and reviewed for accuracy, but the only legally binding version of French law is the French original. For court, registry or contractual use we offer lawyer-reviewed or sworn certified translations on request.
Articles are synced with Légifrance and updated as soon as a reform is published in the Journal Officiel, so you always read the version in force — and can see when each article was last amended.
Each article is linked to the key court decisions (Cour de cassation, Conseil d'État, courts of appeal) that interpret it, so you can read the text and its case-law application side by side.
Yes — every article has an AI plain-English summary, and you can order a lawyer-reviewed explanation of how it applies to your specific situation, with next steps.
No. Reading and searching the codes is free with no login. Paid services — certified translation and the legal application report — are entirely optional.
Avocate au Barreau de Paris
Toque #C2396
15+ Years In French Corporate Practice
English · French · Russian
Ready When You Are
A 20–30 minute call, in English, to scope the engagement. No obligation, no preliminary fee. You will leave the call with a clear view of what the work will cover and what it will cost.
20+ full codes and 2,400+ articles in English, with the key court rulings linked to every article — free to read.
Read MoreA lawyer-reviewed report explaining how the relevant articles apply to your situation, with case-law analysis and next steps.
Read MoreScope your matter with a Paris-Bar avocate — incorporation, contracts, disputes — handled bilingually, end to end.
Read More