Paragraph 4: Relations between the High Council and its foreign counterparts

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Article R821-17

French Commercial codeIn force

Updated 4 Nov 2023

The chairman of the High Council or the general rapporteur shall refuse to comply with a request for information, documents or assistance referred to in Article R. 821-16 when:

a) Persons employed or having been employed by the requesting authority are not subject to professional secrecy;

b) The request is motivated by purposes unrelated to the performance of the missions of the requesting authority, to the supervision and control of persons in charge of statutory audit or to the implementation of procedures relating to the practice of statutory auditing;

c) There is a serious risk that the information or documents requested will be disclosed to persons or authorities other than the requesting authority, unless such disclosure is authorised under procedures laid down by law, regulation or administrative provision relating to the performance of statutory audits;

d) Disclosure of the requested information would be likely to undermine French sovereignty, security or public policy;

e) Criminal proceedings have already been initiated in France on the basis of the same facts and against the same persons;

f) The persons referred to in the request have already been penalised for the same facts by a final decision;

g) Compliance with the applicable regulations on the protection of personal data is not ensured.

The chairman of the High Council or the general rapporteur may also refuse to comply with a request for information, documents or assistance where civil proceedings or sanction proceedings have already been initiated in France on the basis of the same facts and against the same persons.

Mariela Petrova

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Common Questions

Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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