Paragraph 1: Common provisions.

Articles in this section · 7

Article R4113-16

French Public Health CodeIn force

Updated 3 Nov 2023

A partner practising within a société d'exercice libéral de médecins, de chirurgiens-dentistes ou de sages-femmes may be excluded :

1° If he is subject to a disciplinary measure resulting in a ban on practising or providing care to insured persons, equal to or greater than three months ;

2° If they contravene the company's operating rules.

This exclusion is decided by the members acting by the enhanced majority provided for in the Articles of Association, calculated by excluding, in addition to the person concerned, the members who have been sanctioned for the same acts or for related acts, the unanimous decision of the other members practising within the company and entitled to decide on the matter must be obtained.

No exclusion decision may be taken if the member has not been duly convened to the General Meeting, at least fifteen days before the scheduled date and by registered letter with acknowledgement of receipt, and if he has not been given the opportunity to present his defence on the precise facts of which he is accused.

The shares of the excluded partner are either purchased by a buyer approved by the remaining partners, or purchased by the company, which must then reduce its capital.

If no agreement can be reached on the sale price of the shares or their repurchase value, the procedure set out in

Article 1843-4 of the French Civil

Code is used.

Mariela Petrova

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Common Questions

Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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