Chapter III: Opposition to cold calling

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Article R223-3

French Consumer CodeIn force

Updated 7 Nov 2023


The personal information that may be entered on the opposition list is exclusively the telephone number(s) designated by the consumer together with the date and time of registration.


Consumers wishing to register on this list may do so electronically or by any other means. Confirmation of registration is the subject of a registration receipt which is sent to the consumer by the organisation in the same way as the registration. This receipt specifies the duration of the registration and the date on which it becomes effective, at the latest within thirty days of the issue of the receipt. Each number is registered for a period of three years. Registration is tacitly renewable for three-year periods. The organisation shall inform the consumer at the time of registration and, at least three months before the date of tacit renewal of this registration, of the arrangements enabling him to deregister.


The consumer may deregister at any time. Consumers may unsubscribe from the list at any time by electronic or any other means. Confirmation of their unsubscription, indicating the date on which it takes effect, will be issued to them in the same way as for their unsubscription.

Mariela Petrova

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Common Questions

Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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