Sub-paragraph 2: Professional private equity funds.

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Article R214-205

French Monetary and Financial CodeIn force

Updated 6 Nov 2023

I. - Articles R. 214-32-18 to R. 214-32-21, article R. 214-32-27, I of article R. 214-32-28 and articles R. 214-32-29, R. 214-32-32 to R. 214-32-36, R. 214-32-38 to R. 214-32-42, R. 214-36, R. 214-39 and R. 214-43 do not apply to funds covered by this sub-paragraph.

However, professional private equity funds must comply with the following rules:

1° No more than 50% of the assets of a professional private equity fund may be invested in securities or rights of a single UCITS or FIA covered by paragraphs 1, 2 and 6 of sub-section 2, sub-paragraph 1 of paragraph 1 or paragraph 2 of sub-section 3 of this section, or of a single entity mentioned in 2° of II of Article L. 214-160 ;

2° The professional private equity fund may not hold more than 10% of the shares or units of a UCITS or an FIA covered by paragraphs 1, 2 and 6 of sub-section 2, sub-paragraph 1 of paragraph 1 or paragraph 2 of sub-section 3 of this section which is not covered by 2° of II of Article L. 214-160;

3° The claims referred to in the first paragraph of II of Article L. 214-160 comply with the following rules:

a) Ownership of the claim is based on a registration, an authentic instrument or a private deed whose evidential value is recognised by French law;

b) The debt is not subject to any security other than that which may have been created to achieve the management objective of the professional private equity fund;

c) The debt is subject to a reliable valuation in the form of an accurately calculated and regularly established price, which is a market price or a price provided by a valuation system making it possible to determine the value at which the asset could be exchanged between knowledgeable and willing parties in an arm's length transaction;

d) The liquidity of the debt enables the professional investment fund to meet its obligations with regard to the execution of redemptions vis-à-vis its unitholders and shareholders, as defined by its articles of association or regulations.

4° The digital assets mentioned in the third paragraph of II of Article L. 214-160 comply with the conditions defined in 1° to 4° of Article L. 214-154.

II. - Notwithstanding the first paragraph of I of article R. 214-44, progressive capital calls may be paid up after the end of the lock-up period.

Notwithstanding the first paragraph of III of article R. 214-44, the management company may distribute a portion of the fund's assets in cash at any time.

III. - The management company may enter into agreements with third parties relating to the management of the fund's holdings and involving contractual commitments other than delivery commitments, as well as agreements granting third parties any rights relating to the fund's assets and the uncalled amount of subscriptions, including personal or real guarantees, under the conditions defined in the fund rules.

The management company must provide unitholders with a list of these commitments, indicating their nature and estimated amount.

IV. - The limits set out in I must be complied with no later than two years after the fund is created.

Mariela Petrova

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Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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