Subsection 1: Tasks and authorisation

Articles in this section · 12

Article R2131-18

French Public Health CodeIn force

Updated 4 Nov 2023

If, at the end of the consultation provided for in article R. 2131-17, it appears to two of the doctors mentioned in 1° of article R. 2131-12 that there is a strong probability that the unborn child is suffering from a particularly serious condition recognised as incurable at the time of diagnosis, and if the pregnant woman so requests, they shall draw up, after the multidisciplinary team has given its advisory opinion in accordance with article L. 2213-1, the certificates provided for in the first paragraph of the latter article.

When the pregnant woman makes the request referred to in the first paragraph, a doctor, who may be a member of the multidisciplinary team, will draw up a document, co-signed by the pregnant woman, certifying that she has been provided with the information referred to in the previous paragraph and indicating whether or not the pregnant woman wished to benefit from the reflection period. This document, the original of which is kept in the medical file, conforms to a model laid down by order of the Minister for Health.

The certificates referred to in the first paragraph include the names and signatures of the doctors and state that they belong to the multidisciplinary prenatal diagnosis centre.

A copy of the certificates is given to the person concerned.

Mariela Petrova

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Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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