Chapter II: Actions to prevent, cease or remedy a breach of business secrecy

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Article R152-1

French Commercial codeIn force

Updated 6 Nov 2023

I.-When a case is referred to it for the purposes of preventing an imminent infringement or stopping an unlawful infringement of a business secret, the court may prescribe, on application or in summary proceedings, any proportionate provisional and protective measure, including a fine. It may, in particular:

1° Prohibit the performance or continuation of acts involving the use or disclosure of a business secret;

> 2° Prohibit acts involving the use or disclosure of a business secret 2° Prohibit acts of production, offering, placing on the market or use of products suspected of being the result of a significant infringement of a business secret, or the import, export or storage of such products for these purposes;

3° Order the seizure or delivery into the hands of a third party of such products, including imported products, so as to prevent them from entering or circulating on the market.

II. II -In lieu of the provisional and precautionary measures referred to in 1° to 3° of I, the court may authorise the continuation of the alleged unlawful use of a business secret subject to the provision by the defendant of a guarantee intended to ensure that the holder of the secret is compensated.

The court may not authorise the disclosure of a business secret to a third party. The court may not authorise the disclosure of a business secret by making it subject to the provision of the security referred to in the first paragraph.

III. III - The court may make the enforcement of the provisional and protective measures it orders subject to the lodging by the claimant of a security intended, in the event that the action for the protection of business secrets is subsequently found to be unfounded or the measures are terminated, to ensure compensation for any loss suffered by the defendant or by a third party affected by the measures.

IV - The court may not authorise the disclosure of a business secret by making it subject to the lodging of the security referred to in the first paragraph. IV.The guarantee referred to in II and III shall be constituted under the conditions set out in Articles 514-5, 517 and 518 to 522 of the Code of Civil Procedure.

V.-The measures taken in application of this article shall lapse if the claimant does not refer the matter to the court hearing the case on the merits within a period running from the date of the order of twenty working days or thirty-one calendar days, whichever is the longer.

Mariela Petrova

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Common Questions

Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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