Chapter IV: Money changers

Articles in this section · 7

Article L524-7

French Monetary and Financial CodeIn force

Updated 7 Nov 2023

I. - Customs officers with at least the rank of controller are empowered to investigate and establish breaches of the rules applicable to manual money changers, as laid down by this Title and by Title VI or the regulations adopted for their application.

II. - To this end, the customs officers referred to in I shall have access, during the hours of business of manual money changers, to premises used for business purposes, excluding the parts of these premises used for private purposes.

They may ask to see the business registers and documents that manual money changers are required to draw up pursuant to this Title and Article L. 561-12.

They may obtain copies of the aforementioned documents.

They may inspect cash registers.

They may obtain information and evidence on site or by summons. Hearings of bureaux de change to which the application of the foregoing provisions may give rise shall be the subject of written reports.

III. - When the provisions of II are applied with a view to investigating and establishing the criminal offences provided for in Article L. 572-1, the Public Prosecutor shall be informed of the planned operations in advance. He may object within a time limit set by regulation.

IV. - At the end of the checks, customs officers draw up a report.

The list of documents of which a copy has been issued is attached to the report.

The report is signed by the customs officers who carried out the inspection and by the manual changer or, in the case of a legal entity, its representative. The interested party may submit comments within thirty days. These are attached to the file. If the person refuses to sign, this is noted in the minutes. A copy is given to the person concerned.

V. - The report, together with the report(s) of the hearing and the observations of the manual changer, shall be sent as soon as possible to the Autorité de contrôle prudentiel et de résolution.

Mariela Petrova

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Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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