Chapter IV: Disciplinary chambers of first instance and regional and inter-regional councils.

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Article L4124-6

French Public Health CodeIn force

Updated 7 Nov 2023

The disciplinary penalties that the Disciplinary Chamber of First Instance may impose are as follows:

1° A warning ;

2° a reprimand

3° A temporary ban, with or without a suspended sentence, or a permanent ban from exercising one, several or all of the functions of doctor, dental surgeon or midwife, conferred or remunerated by the State, departments, municipalities, public establishments, establishments recognised as being of public utility or the same functions performed in application of social laws;

4° A temporary ban on practising, with or without a suspended sentence; this ban may not exceed three years;

5° Removal from the roll of the association.

The first two of these penalties also entail forfeiture of the right to sit on a council, a social insurance section of the chamber of first instance or the social insurance section of the National Council, a disciplinary chamber of first instance or the national disciplinary chamber of the Association for a period of three years; the following penalties entail permanent forfeiture of this right. A doctor, dental surgeon or midwife who has been struck off the roll may not be entered on another roll of the Association. The other departmental councils and the national disciplinary chamber will be informed of the decision that has been taken as soon as it has become final.

The penalties and prohibitions provided for in this article apply throughout the territory of the Republic.

If, for acts committed within five years of notification of a suspended sanction, once this sanction has become final, the court imposes one of the sanctions provided for in 3° and 4°, it may decide that the suspended part of the sanction becomes enforceable without prejudice to the application of the new sanction.

Mariela Petrova

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Common Questions

Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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