Section 1: Public policy

Articles in this section · 14

Article L3122-4

French Labour CodeIn force

Updated 7 Nov 2023

By way of derogation from Article L. 3122-2, for retail establishments which provide goods and services and which are located in the areas referred to in Article L. 3132-24, the period of night work, if it begins after 10 p.m., is at least seven consecutive hours, including the period between midnight and 7 a.m.

In the establishments mentioned in the first paragraph of this article, only voluntary employees who have given their written agreement to their employer may work between 9 p.m. and midnight. A company may not take a person's refusal to work between 9 p.m. and the start of the night work period as a reason for refusing to take him on. An employee who refuses to work between 9 p.m. and the start of the night shift may not be discriminated against in the performance of his or her employment contract. An employee's refusal to work between 9 p.m. and the start of the night shift does not constitute misconduct or grounds for dismissal.

Each hour worked during the period between 9 p.m. and the start of the night work period is remunerated at least twice the remuneration normally due and gives rise to an equivalent amount of time off in lieu.

Articles L. 3122-10 to L. 3122-14 apply to employees who work between 9 p.m. and midnight, as long as they work the minimum number of hours provided for in article L. 3122-5 during this period.

When, during the same reference period mentioned in 2° of article L. 3122-5, the employee has worked hours between 9 p.m. and the beginning of the night period in application of the first two paragraphs of this article and hours of night work in application of the same article L. 3122-5, the hours are cumulated for the application of the penultimate paragraph of this article and the said article L. 3122-5.

Mariela Petrova

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Common Questions

Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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