Subsection 1: Establishment and purpose.

Articles in this section · 2

Article L2372-1

French Labour CodeIn force

Updated 7 Nov 2023

Employee participation is implemented in accordance with Articles L. 225-28 to L. 225-56 and L. 225-79 to L. 225-93, L. 22-10-8 to L. 22-10-17 and L. 22-10-23 to L. 22-10-30 of the French Commercial Code.

Notwithstanding the first paragraph, a special negotiation body with legal personality shall be set up as soon as possible after publication of the proposed cross-border transaction if one of the following conditions is met:

1° At least one of the companies involved in the cross-border operation applies rules on employee profit-sharing and employs, during the six-month period preceding publication of the draft terms of merger, an average number of employees equivalent to at least four-fifths of the threshold above which the rules on employee profit-sharing apply ;

2° The company resulting from the cross-border merger does not guarantee at least the same level of employee participation, assessed on the basis of the proportion of representatives among the members of the board of directors, the supervisory board or the committee referred to in Article L. 2373-1 of this Code, as the level of employee participation applicable to the companies participating in the cross-border merger prior to the latter taking effect;

3° The company resulting from the cross-border operation does not guarantee that the employees of its establishments located in a Member State of the European Union other than that of destination benefit from the same rights as the employees of its establishments located in the Member State of destination.

Mariela Petrova

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Common Questions

Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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