Subsection 1: General provisions.

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L2334-1L2334-2L2334-3L2334-4L2334-5

Article L2334-2

French General Code of Local AuthoritiesIn force
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Updated 7 Nov 2023

The population to be taken into account for the application of this section is that resulting from the census, increased each year by population increases under conditions defined by decree in the Council of State.

This population is the total population plus, unless otherwise specified, one inhabitant per secondary residence and one inhabitant per caravan site located in a reception area for Travellers meeting the conditions of the agreement in Article L. 851-1 of the Social Security Code and the technical standards in force, set by a decree of the Conseil d'Etat. The population increase is raised to two inhabitants per caravan site for municipalities eligible the previous year for the urban solidarity and social cohesion grant provided for in article L. 2334-15 or to the first fraction of the rural solidarity grant provided for in Article L. 2334-21.

For communes that meet the five cumulative conditions mentioned in the following six paragraphs, the population to be taken into account in 2009, 2010 and 2011 for the application of this section is that used to calculate the global operating grant for the 2008 financial year.

This provision applies to municipalities meeting the following conditions:

1° The population of the commune was the subject of an amending population decree applicable on 1 January 2008, amending the decree applicable on 1 January 2006 or an amending population decree applicable on 1 January 2007;

2° The population taken into account in the calculation of the allocations in 2008, under the first paragraph of this article, is greater than that authenticated on 1 January 2009 ;

3° The population, calculated under the conditions defined in the second paragraph of this article, was greater than or equal to 10,000 inhabitants in 2008;

4° The municipality was eligible in 2008 for the urban solidarity and social cohesion grant, under the conditions set out in article L. 2334-16;

5° The per capita financial potential, calculated under the conditions provided for in Article L. 2334-4, was 25% lower in 2008 than the average per capita financial potential at regional level for communes with 10,000 or more inhabitants.

Mariela Petrova

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Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

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15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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