Preliminary chapter

Articles in this section · 6

Article L230-4

French Sports CodeIn force

Updated 8 Nov 2023

For the purposes of Section 4 of Chapter II of this Title, it shall constitute substantial assistance for a person to:

1° Fully disclosing, in a signed written statement or in a recorded interview, all information in his possession relating to anti-doping rule violations or other offences or situations if such information enables either:

a) The French Anti-Doping Agency to discover or prosecute one or more anti-doping rule violations committed by another person;

b) A criminal or disciplinary body to discover or prosecute an offence or professional rule violation committed by another person, to the extent that the information provided by the Person providing Substantial Assistance is made available to the French Anti-Doping Agency or other Anti-Doping Organisation responsible for results management;

c) The World Anti-Doping Agency to initiate proceedings against a signatory to the World Anti-Doping Code, a laboratory accredited by the World Anti-Doping Agency or an athlete passport management unit for non-compliance with the World Anti-Doping Code, an International Standard or a technical document developed by the World Anti-Doping Agency;

d) A criminal or disciplinary body to prosecute an offence or a breach of professional or sporting rules arising from a violation of sporting integrity other than doping. In this case, the Agency shall seek the opinion of the World Anti-Doping Agency.

2° And to cooperate fully in the investigation and examination of any case related to this information, in particular by giving evidence at a hearing if requested to do so by an anti-doping organisation or a hearing body.

The information provided must be credible and enable prosecution to be initiated or, if no prosecution is initiated, constitute serious and corroborating evidence on the basis of which prosecution could be initiated.

The French Anti-Doping Agency may, at the request of an athlete or other person who wishes to provide substantial assistance, enter into a written agreement subject to all rights with the applicant.

The agreement authorises the applicant to provide the Agency, in accordance with the terms and conditions and for a period defined by the agreement, with information in the context of substantial assistance and with a view to concluding the agreement provided for in the fourth paragraph of I ofArticle L. 232-22 or in IV ofArticle L. 232-23-3-10. Failing the conclusion of the said agreement, this information and that which the athlete or other person would have obtained, where applicable, from the agency within the framework of the agreement, may not be invoked by the latter against the interested party or by the interested party against the agency in a results management procedure. Any information or evidence not covered by the agreement may be relied upon by the agency or the athlete.

Mariela Petrova

Need help applying this article to your situation?

A registered French Lawyer explains what applies to your business — in English, fixed fee.

within 48h

Fixed Fee

Talk to a lawyer
Common Questions

Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

English · French · Russian

Ready When You Are

Talk To A Corporate
Lawyer In France.

A 20–30 minute call, in English, to scope the engagement. No obligation, no preliminary fee. You will leave the call with a clear view of what the work will cover and what it will cost.

First EngagementFixed Fee

Talk to a French lawyer.

Reply within 24 hours.

Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

Continue Reading

Related corporate services in France

01 / Setup

Setting up a French company

Choose between SAS, SARL, SA or SCI — and structure your first French entity around how you actually plan to operate.

Read More
02 / Operating

French commercial contracts

Distribution, agency, supply, services and IP licences — drafted around the protections French law actually gives.

Read More
03 / Disputes

Business disputes & litigation

Shareholder conflicts, commercial breaches and pre-litigation strategy — handled by the same team that knows the file.

Read More