Paragraph 2: Negotiation procedures in companies with between eleven and fifty employees

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Article L2232-23-1

French Labour CodeIn force

Updated 7 Nov 2023

I. - In companies with between eleven and less than fifty employees, where there is no trade union representative in the company or establishment, company or establishment agreements may be negotiated, concluded, revised or terminated :

1° Either by one or more employees expressly authorised by one or more representative trade union organisations in the branch or, failing that, by one or more representative trade union organisations at national and cross-industry level, whether or not they are members of the staff delegation of the social and economic committee. For this purpose, the same organisation may appoint only one employee;

2° Or by one or more full members of the staff delegation of the social and economic committee.

Agreements negotiated, concluded, revised or terminated in this way may relate to all measures that may be negotiated by company or establishment agreement on the basis of this code.

II. - The validity of agreements or revision amendments concluded with one or more members of the staff delegation of the social and economic committee, whether or not they have a mandate, is subject to their being signed by members of the social and economic committee representing the majority of votes cast in favour of the members of the social and economic committee at the last professional elections.

For the assessment of the majority condition provided for in the first paragraph of this II, when an agreement is concluded by one or more full members of the staff delegation of the central social and economic committee, account is taken, for each of the full members of the delegation, of a weighting equal to the ratio between the number of votes cast in the establishment in favour of that member and the total number of votes cast in each establishment in favour of the full members making up the said delegation.

The validity of revision agreements or amendments concluded with one or more authorised employees, if they are not members of the staff delegation of the Social and Economic Committee, is subject to their approval by the employees by a majority of the votes cast, under conditions determined by decree and in compliance with the general principles of electoral law.

Mariela Petrova

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Common Questions

Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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