Subsection 3: Shareholders' meetings

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Article L22-10-40

French Commercial codeIn force

Updated 8 Nov 2023

Where, in the cases provided for in the first paragraph of Article L. 22-10-39, the shareholder is represented by a person other than his spouse or the partner with whom he has entered into a civil solidarity pact, he shall be informed by his proxy of any fact enabling him to assess the risk that the proxy may be pursuing an interest other than his own.

This information shall relate in particular to the fact that the mandatary or, where applicable, the person on whose behalf he is acting :

1° Controls, within the meaning of Article L. 233-3, the company whose meeting is called;

2° Is a member of the management, administrative or supervisory body of that company or of a person who controls it within the meaning of Article L. 233-3;

3° Is employed by that company or by a person who controls it within the meaning of Article L. 233-3;

4° Is controlled by or performs one of the functions mentioned in 2° or 3° in a person or entity controlled by a person who controls the company, within the meaning of Article L. 233-3.

This information is also provided where there is a family relationship between the mandatary or, where applicable, the person on whose behalf he is acting, and a natural person placed in one of the situations listed in 1° to 4°.

When, during the course of the mandate, one of the events mentioned in the previous paragraphs occurs, the agent must inform the principal without delay. Should the latter fail to expressly confirm the mandate, it shall lapse.

The agent shall notify the company without delay that the mandate has lapsed.

The conditions for the application of this article shall be specified by decree in the Conseil d'Etat.

Mariela Petrova

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Common Questions

Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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