CHAPTER II: Local semi-public companies

Articles in this section · 3

Article L1862-2

French General Code of Local AuthoritiesIn force

Updated 8 Nov 2023

For operations other than the provision of services, the relationship between municipalities or their public establishments, on the one hand, and semi-public companies, on the other, is defined by a contract which provides, on pain of nullity:

1° The purpose of the contract, its duration and the conditions under which it may possibly be extended or renewed;

2° The conditions of repurchase, termination or forfeiture by the contracting local authority or public entity as well as, possibly, the conditions and procedures for compensating the company ;

3° The obligations of each of the parties and in particular, where applicable, the amount of their financial participation, the status of their contributions in kind and the conditions under which the contracting authority or public entity will advance the funds required to finance the assignment or reimburse the expenses incurred on its behalf and defined in advance;

4° The terms and conditions for remunerating the company or calculating the cost of its intervention: where the remuneration or the cost of the intervention is to be borne by the local authority or the public person, the amount is freely negotiated between the parties; where the company is remunerated by charges levied on users, the contract specifies the procedures for setting tariffs and reviewing them;

5° The penalties applicable in the event of default by the company or poor performance of the contract.

In the case of contracts providing for the acquisition of land, the execution of works and the construction of works and buildings of any kind, the contract shall also specify, and also on pain of nullity, the terms and conditions of the technical, financial and accounting control exercised by the contracting local authority or public entity; to this end, the company must provide each year a financial report including, in particular, as an appendix:

a) An updated forecast balance sheet for the activities covered by the contract, showing, on the one hand, the revenue and expenditure achieved and, on the other hand, the estimated revenue and expenditure still to be achieved and, where applicable, the resulting residual cost for its co-contractor;

b) The updated cash flow plan showing the schedule of income and expenditure;

c) A table of property acquisitions and disposals made during the financial year.

All of these documents are submitted for examination to the municipal council of the municipality concerned or to the deliberative body of the contracting public entity, which has the right to check the information provided, its accredited agents being able to be shown any accounting documents required for their verification.

Mariela Petrova

Need help applying this article to your situation?

A registered French Lawyer explains what applies to your business — in English, fixed fee.

within 48h

Fixed Fee

Talk to a lawyer
Common Questions

Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

English · French · Russian

Ready When You Are

Talk To A Corporate
Lawyer In France.

A 20–30 minute call, in English, to scope the engagement. No obligation, no preliminary fee. You will leave the call with a clear view of what the work will cover and what it will cost.

First EngagementFixed Fee

Talk to a French lawyer.

Reply within 24 hours.

Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

Continue Reading

Related corporate services in France

01 / Setup

Setting up a French company

Choose between SAS, SARL, SA or SCI — and structure your first French entity around how you actually plan to operate.

Read More
02 / Operating

French commercial contracts

Distribution, agency, supply, services and IP licences — drafted around the protections French law actually gives.

Read More
03 / Disputes

Business disputes & litigation

Shareholder conflicts, commercial breaches and pre-litigation strategy — handled by the same team that knows the file.

Read More