Section 1: Measures to prevent and stop a breach of business secrecy

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Article L152-3

French Commercial codeIn force

Updated 8 Nov 2023

I.-In the context of an action relating to the prevention or cessation of an infringement of a business secret, the court may, without prejudice to the award of damages, prescribe, including under penalty payment, any proportionate measure likely to prevent or stop such an infringement. It may in particular :

1° Prohibit the performance or continuation of acts of use or disclosure of a business secret;

2° Prohibit acts of production, offering, placing on the market or use of products resulting significantly from the infringement of a business secret or the import, export or storage of such products for these purposes;

3° Order the total or partial destruction of any document, object, material, substance or digital file containing the business secret concerned or from which it may be deduced or, as the case may be, order their total or partial delivery to the applicant.

II.-The court may also order that the products resulting significantly from the infringement of business secrecy be recalled from commercial channels, permanently removed from those channels, modified in order to eliminate the infringement of business secrecy, destroyed or, as the case may be, confiscated for the benefit of the injured party.

III -Where the court limits the duration of the measures referred to in 1° and 2° of I, the duration set must be sufficient to eliminate any commercial or economic advantage that the infringer may have derived from the unlawful obtaining, use or disclosure of the business secret.

IV -Unless there are special circumstances and without prejudice to any damages that may be claimed, the measures referred to in I to III shall be ordered at the expense of the infringer.

The measures may be terminated at the request of the infringer if the information concerned can no longer be classified as a business secret within the meaning of Article L. 151-1 for reasons that do not depend, directly or indirectly, on it.

Mariela Petrova

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Common Questions

Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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