Chapter I: Drinking water.

Articles in this section · 14

Article L1321-4

French Public Health CodeIn force

Updated 8 Nov 2023

I. - Any public or private person responsible for the production or distribution to the public of water intended for human consumption in any form whatsoever, whether public networks or internal networks, as well as any private person responsible for a private distribution authorised in application of article L. 1321-7, is a water supplier. It is required to:

1° Monitor the quality of the water produced or distributed;

2° Submit to health inspections;

3° Take all necessary corrective measures to ensure water quality, and inform consumers in the event of a health risk;

4° Only use products and processes for water treatment, cleaning and disinfection of installations that are not likely to alter the quality of the water supplied;

5° Comply with the design and hygiene rules applicable to production and distribution facilities;

6° Comply with the rules governing restrictions or interruptions in the event of a health risk, and provide information and advice to consumers within a timeframe commensurate with the health risk;

7° Draw up and implement a water safety management plan for any part of the chain of production and distribution of water intended for human consumption for which it is responsible or, for persons responsible for the internal distribution of premises or establishments where water is supplied to the public, an assessment of the risks associated with the internal water distribution installations.

The previous paragraph does not apply to water suppliers who supply an average quantity of water per day or who serve a number of people in the course of a commercial or public activity below thresholds set by decree.

II. - In the event of a serious risk to public health originating from an indoor installation that does not supply water to the public, the occupier or owner of this installation must, on injunction from the State representative, take all measures to put an end to the risk identified and in particular bring the installation into compliance with hygiene regulations within the time limit set.

III. - 2° of I does not apply to water intended for human consumption from an individual source supplying less than 10 cubic metres per day on average or supplying less than fifty people, unless this water is supplied as part of a commercial or public activity.

Mariela Petrova

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Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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