Subsection 1: General provisions

Articles in this section · 5

Article D6211-1

French Public Health CodeIn force

Updated 30 Oct 2023

I.-Any prescription for a medical biology examination, together with the relevant clinical details, is sent to the medical biology laboratory prior to the sample being taken.

The medical biologist shall indicate to the sampling healthcare professional the examinations to be carried out pursuant to the provisions of Articles L. 6211-8 and L. 6211-9 and the samples to be taken accordingly.

When a medical biology laboratory information system or a clinical-biological protocol materialises the clinical-biological prescription choices, established between the prescriber and the medical biologist, the sampling healthcare professional, as soon as he is connected to this information system or is integrated into this clinical-biological protocol through his professional practice, may directly take the samples corresponding to the medical biology examinations thus prescribed.

When a therapeutic education programme exists, in accordance with Articles L. 1161-1 to L. 1161-6 and L. 6212-3, between the patient, the prescriber, the medical biologist and the sampling healthcare professional, the latter may directly take the samples corresponding to the medical biology examinations prescribed within this framework.

II - The procedures mentioned in Article L. 6211-15 are described in a single manual for all medical biology test samples taken from patients hospitalised in this health establishment or treated on an outpatient basis by it. If the medical biology laboratory takes the form of a health cooperation grouping, in application of Article L. 6223-2, this single manual applies, in the same way, in all the health establishments and, where applicable, in the army hospitals, for which this grouping constitutes the laboratory within the meaning of Article L. 6222-4. The copies of this manual available in the clinical divisions may only include the parts that are necessary for them.

The procedures referred to in Article L. 6211-17 are described in a single manual. The copies of this manual made available to healthcare professionals who are only involved in taking samples may include only those parts that are necessary for them.

The single manual of applicable pre-analytical procedures includes, for samples taken outside the medical biology laboratory or the health care establishment, the choices of transport, breaking of load and possible storage and their justifications, taking into account specific geographical features and, where applicable, the specific needs of defence taken into account by the regional health plan. These elements are part of the general organisation of laboratories defined in Article L. 6222-1.

III - The procedures mentioned in Article L. 6214-1 are described in a single manual for all medical biology samples taken from patients hospitalised in an army hospital or treated on an outpatient basis by the hospital.

Mariela Petrova

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Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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