Section 9: The fixed fine procedure applicable to certain offences

Articles in this section · 19

Article D45-16

French Code of Criminal ProcedureIn force

Updated 6 Nov 2023

In accordance with the provisions of articles 39-3 and 495-22, the Public Prosecutor of the Judicial Court of Rennes is competent to:

1° Where the information in the official report does not comply with the provisions of articles 495-17 to 495-24-1 or with the provisions of this section, terminate the fixed fine procedure and send this report, in dematerialised form, to the public prosecutor of the judicial court in whose jurisdiction the offence was recorded, so that the latter can assess the appropriate action to be taken ;

2° Issue the enforcement order increasing the amount of the fixed fine in the absence of payment or a request submitted within the required timeframe, in accordance with the last paragraph of Article 495-18 and article D. 45-10 ;

3° Receive requests made pursuant to the first paragraph of article 495-18 and complaints made pursuant to the second paragraph of article 495-19, assess their formal admissibility and compliance with the deposit obligation.

If the magistrate considers the request or complaint to be formally admissible and does not himself decide to waive the prosecution, he sends it, along with the case file, in electronic form, to the public prosecutor of the judicial court in whose jurisdiction the person resides, so that the latter can decide, in accordance with article 495-21 either waive the prosecution, in which case it shall notify its decision to the author of the request for exoneration or the complaint, informing him that the deposit will be reimbursed, or proceed in accordance with articles 389 to 390-1,393 to 397-7,495 to 495-6or 495-7 to 495-16.

If the Public Prosecutor of Rennes considers that the request for exoneration or the complaint is inadmissible, the notice that he is required to send to the person pursuant to the first paragraph of article 495-21 shall state the reasons for his decision. This notice must be sent by registered letter, which informs the person that he or she may, within one month of it being sent, contest this decision by registered letter with acknowledgement of receipt. If the Rennes Public Prosecutor considers that the challenge has led to the request or complaint being accepted, he will apply the previous paragraph. If this is not the case, this magistrate shall send the challenge with the proceedings file, in dematerialised form, to the public prosecutor of the judicial court in whose jurisdiction the person resides, so that the latter may forward it to the judge mentioned in the first paragraph of article 495-21, in accordance with the procedures set out in article D. 45-19.

Mariela Petrova

Need help applying this article to your situation?

A registered French Lawyer explains what applies to your business — in English, fixed fee.

within 48h

Fixed Fee

Talk to a lawyer
Common Questions

Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

English · French · Russian

Ready When You Are

Talk To A Corporate
Lawyer In France.

A 20–30 minute call, in English, to scope the engagement. No obligation, no preliminary fee. You will leave the call with a clear view of what the work will cover and what it will cost.

First EngagementFixed Fee

Talk to a French lawyer.

Reply within 24 hours.

Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

Continue Reading

Related corporate services in France

01 / Setup

Setting up a French company

Choose between SAS, SARL, SA or SCI — and structure your first French entity around how you actually plan to operate.

Read More
02 / Operating

French commercial contracts

Distribution, agency, supply, services and IP licences — drafted around the protections French law actually gives.

Read More
03 / Disputes

Business disputes & litigation

Shareholder conflicts, commercial breaches and pre-litigation strategy — handled by the same team that knows the file.

Read More