Paragraph 1: General provisions

Articles in this section · 4

Article A37-9

French Code of Criminal ProcedureIn force

Updated 5 Nov 2023

The characteristics of the notice of offence referred to in Article A. 37-1 are as follows:

I.-On the left-hand side, details are given of the issuing department, the nature, place and date of the offence, as well as the references of the texts punishing the said offence and, where applicable, details are given of the vehicle identification and the obligation to exchange the driving licence.

II.-The notice of offence will include the words: "This offence results in the loss of driving licence point(s). "

III.-On the right-hand side is a space intended to inform the offender of his or her rights and bearing the following words:

You are informed that:

1. You may exercise a right of access and rectification when information concerning you is subject to automated processing (art. 39 et 40 de la loi n° 78-17 du 6 janvier 1978) to:

the officer of the public prosecutor's office at the local court or the police court;

the competent public accountant when the latter is responsible for collecting the increased fixed fine.

2. Payment of the fixed fine results in recognition of the reality of the offence and, by the same token, a reduction in the number of points on your driving licence.

3. You incur a deduction of point(s) corresponding to the offence recorded; the deduction of point(s) will be effective as soon as the reality of the offence has been established by the payment of the fixed fine or the issue of the enforcement order for the increased fixed fine, by the execution of a penal composition or by a final conviction.

According to Article L. 223-2 of the Highway Code:

-for misdemeanours, the points deducted are equal to half the maximum number of points;

-for offences, the points deducted are, at most, equal to half the maximum number of points;

-in the event that several offences resulting in the deduction of points are committed simultaneously, the points deducted are cumulative up to a limit of two-thirds of the maximum number of points.

4. Withdrawals and reconstitutions of driving licence point(s) are subject to automated processing known as the "Système national des permis de conduire" (SNPC).

5. If the "Obligation to exchange your driving licence" section has been ticked, you are obliged to exchange your driving licence issued by a State of the European Union or the European Economic Area with the prefectural department of your place of residence.

6. You may exercise a right of access to information concerning your driving licence with the prefectural service of your place of residence.

7. In the event of a dispute, you must keep a copy of this ticket, which you may be asked to produce.

IV.-A space is reserved, in the event of non-payment by cheque, for affixing the part of the fine stamp to be retained.

Mariela Petrova

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Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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