Section III: Deductibles, exclusions and forfeitures.

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Article A211-3

French Insurance CodeIn force

Updated 7 Nov 2023

For the purposes of 2° of

article R. 211-10

, transport is considered to be carried out in sufficiently safe conditions:

a) With regard to passenger cars, estate cars and vehicles used for the public transport of persons, when the passengers are transported inside the vehicles;

b) In the case of commercial vehicles, when the persons being transported are seated either inside the cab, on a platform fitted with sideboards, or inside an enclosed body, and when their number does not exceed eight in addition to the driver; in addition, the number of persons transported outside the cab must not exceed five.

For the application of the foregoing provisions, children under ten years of age count for only half the number of passengers;

c) For tractors not falling into category b, where the number of persons carried does not exceed the number of seats provided by the manufacturer;

d) As regards two-wheeled vehicles and three-wheelers, when the vehicle carries only one passenger in addition to the driver; a second passenger may, however, be carried when the vehicle is a tandem.

In addition, where the vehicle is fitted with a sidecar, the number of persons carried in the sidecar must not exceed the number of seats specified by the manufacturer; the presence of a child under the age of five, accompanied by an adult, does not mean that this limit is exceeded;

e) With regard to trailers and semi-trailers, where these are built to carry passengers and where the passengers are carried inside the trailer or semi-trailer.

Mariela Petrova

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Common Questions

Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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