Chapter I: General provisions.

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Article A121-1-2

French Insurance CodeIn force

Updated 7 Nov 2023

In motor third party liability insurance, the increases listed below may only be added to the reference premium modified, where applicable, by the additional premiums or reductions mentioned in article A. 121-1-1 and by the application of the reduction/increase clause provided for in article A. 121-1. These increases may not exceed the following maximum percentages of the premium designated below:

For insureds responsible for an accident and found to be under the influence of alcohol at the time of the accident: 150%;

For insureds responsible for an accident or a traffic offence which has led to the suspension or cancellation of their driving licence:

Suspension of between two and six months: 50%;

Suspension of more than six months: 100%;

Cancellation or several suspensions of more than two months during the same reference period as defined in article A. 121-1: 200%;

For policyholders guilty of hit-and-run after an accident: 100%;

For policyholders who did not declare one or more of the aggravating circumstances listed above when taking out a policy, or who did not declare the claims for which they were responsible during the three years prior to taking out the policy: 100%;

For policyholders responsible for three or more claims during the annual reference period: 50%.

These increases are calculated on the basis of the reference premium defined in paragraphs 1 and 2 of article 2 of the appendix to article A. 121-1, before it is modified by the additional premium provided for in article A. 121-1-1, or by the application of the standard premium reduction/increase clause.

The total of these increases may not exceed 400% of the reference premium thus defined.

Where the insured proves that the suspension or cancellation of his driving licence is the result of either driving under the influence of alcohol, or a hit-and-run offence, or both, the maximum increase set by the insurer may not exceed either the increase resulting, where applicable, from the sum of the increases for these traffic offences, or that applicable for the suspension or cancellation of the driving licence.

Each increase provided for in this article may not be demanded more than two years after the first annual due date following the date on which the aggravating circumstance giving rise to the increase occurred.

Mariela Petrova

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Common Questions

Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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