Chapter I: Electronic communication

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Article 850

French Code of civil procedureIn force

Updated 7 Nov 2023

I.-On pain of inadmissibility raised ex officio, in matters of ordinary written procedure and procedure on a fixed date, the procedural documents with the exception of the application mentioned in Article 840 shall be delivered to the court by electronic means.

II.-Where a document cannot be transmitted by electronic means for a reason unrelated to the person completing it, it shall be drawn up on paper and delivered to the court registry in accordance with the procedures set out in Article 769 or is sent to him by registered letter with acknowledgement of receipt. If the document is an application or a statement of appeal, it is delivered or sent to the court registry in as many copies as there are addressees, plus two.

Where the document is sent by post, the court registry registers it on the date shown on the stamp of the issuing office and sends the sender a receipt by any means.

III - Notices, warnings or summonses are delivered to the parties' lawyers by electronic means, unless this is impossible for reasons beyond the control of the sender.

An order of the Minister of Justice shall define the procedures for electronic exchanges.

Mariela Petrova

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Common Questions

Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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