Paragraph 3: Provisions relating to the enforcement of asset freezing orders issued by foreign authorities

Articles in this section · 17

Article 695-9-17

French Code of Criminal ProcedureIn force

Updated 7 Nov 2023

Without prejudice to the application of Article 694-4, enforcement of a freezing order shall be refused in any of the following cases:

1° If immunity prevents it or if the property or evidence is unseizable under French law;

2° If it appears from the certificate that the freezing order is based on offences for which the person referred to in the said order has already been finally judged by the French judicial authorities or by those of a State other than the issuing State, provided, in the case of a conviction, that the sentence has been enforced, is in the process of being enforced or can no longer be brought back for enforcement under the laws of the convicting State ;

3° If it is established that the freezing order was issued for the purpose of prosecuting or sentencing a person on account of that person's sex, race, religion, ethnic origin, nationality, language, political opinions or sexual orientation or gender identity, or that the enforcement of that order may adversely affect the position of that person for any of these reasons;

4° If the freezing order has been made for the purpose of subsequent confiscation of property and the facts justifying it do not constitute an offence that would, under French law, allow the seizure of that property to be ordered.

However, the ground for refusal provided for in 4° may not be invoked where the freezing order concerns an offence which, under the law of the issuing State, falls within one of the categories of offences mentioned in Article 694-32 and is punishable therein by a custodial sentence of three years' imprisonment or more.

Mariela Petrova

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Common Questions

Working with a corporate lawyer in France — Q&A

Any time a strategic decision changes how the company is owned, governed or contractually bound — incorporation, fundraising, M&A, restructuring, shareholder agreements, or major commercial contracts. Earlier engagement always costs less than later remediation.

A notary (notaire) is a public officer who authenticates specific deeds (mainly real-estate transfers and certain family-law acts). A corporate lawyer (avocat) advises on strategy, negotiates and drafts company documents, and represents you in disputes. The two roles complement rather than overlap.

Yes — most of our clients are foreign suppliers, investors or holding entities. We bridge the gap between French law and your home jurisdiction's expectations and deliver everything bilingually.

The SAS (Société par Actions Simplifiée) is the default choice for most international structures: flexible governance, single shareholder allowed, no minimum capital, and works cleanly with foreign holding entities. We assess SARL, SA, SCI on the merits when the situation calls for it.

Yes — communications with a French avocat are protected by the secret professionnel (Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971). This protection is broader than the common-law attorney-client privilege and applies to written and oral exchanges.

We work on fixed fees for clearly scoped engagements (incorporation, contract drafting, audits) and on monthly retainers for ongoing advisory. Hourly billing is the exception, not the default. You always know the cost before work starts.

Typical timeline is 2–3 weeks from KYC kick-off to RCS registration, assuming standard documentation. Holding-company structures, foreign-shareholder identification or in-kind contributions can extend this — we flag the gating items at the first meeting.

Absolutely. We routinely coordinate with your in-house counsel, expert-comptable or notaire — pragmatic collaboration is the norm, not the exception. We send them everything they need to do their part without duplicating work.

Mariela Petrova

Mariela Petrova

Avocate au Barreau de Paris

Toque #C2396

15+ Years In Corporate Practice

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Communications protected by professional secrecy — secret professionnel de l'avocat, Article 66-5 of the Law of 31 December 1971.

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